•Reasons for the growth of decision-making
information systems
–People need to analyze large amounts of information
–People must make decisions quickly
–People must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as
modeling and forecasting, to make good decisions
–People must protect the corporate asset of organizational
information
Transaction Processing
Systems
•Transaction
processing system - the basic business system that serves the
operational level (analysts) in an organization
•Online
transaction processing (OLTP) – the
capturing of transaction and event information using technology to (1) process
the information according to defined business rules, (2) store the information,
(3) update existing information to reflect the new information
•Online
analytical processing (OLAP) – the manipulation of
information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision
making
Decision Support Systems
•Decision
support system (DSS) – models information to
support managers and business professionals during the decision-making process
•
•Three quantitative models used by DSSs
include:
1.Sensitivity
analysis – the study of the impact
that changes in one (or more) parts of the model have on other parts of the
model
2.What-if
analysis – checks the impact of a
change in an assumption on the proposed solution
3.Goal-seeking
analysis – finds the inputs
necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level of output
•Executive
information system (EIS) – a specialized DSS that
supports senior level executives within the organization
•Most EISs offering the following
capabilities:
–Consolidation – involves the aggregation of
information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated
information
–Drill-down
– enables users to get
details, and details of details, of information
–Slice-and-dice – looks at information from
different perspectives
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
•Intelligent
system – various commercial applications of artificial
intelligence
•Artificial
intelligence (AI) – simulates human
intelligence such as the ability to reason and learn
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